Brett, you wrote a very interesting article about the caves. As I was reading, it occurred to me that a memory aid for remembering which is which between what comes from the top and what comes from the bottom is that the Stalagtites are the ones that "hold on TIGHT". The caves I have visited are Mark Twain's cave at Hannibal, MO, and the Cave of the Winds in Colorado. I'm glad our extra hot week is almost over!!! Even though it wasn't a heat wave officially, it really did feel like one!